![]() ![]() volvulus infections from controls or individuals suffering from multiple infections was improved by the measurement of additional metabolites, e.g. volvulus-infected individuals had NATOG levels never reached by individuals without filarial infections or infected with only L. On an individual level, NATOG alone had poor discriminative power distinguishing infected from non-infected individuals. volvulus individuals had elevated cinnamoylglycine levels not reached by the controls. volvulus-infected individuals, and 17.2% of all O. Mean levels of cinnamoylglycine were increased in O. Additional metabolites, including a compound identified as cinnamoylglycine, had high PC1/PC2 loadings in the data set. Therefore, the identification of individuals with high NATOG levels might be used to screen for the elimination of onchocerciasis after mass drug application. ![]() ![]() volvulus-infected individuals had high NATOG levels never reached by individuals without filarial infections or only infected with L. volvulus-infected compared with non-infected individuals, but NATOG levels showed considerable variation. The mean NATOG content was elevated in urine of O. Principle component analysis (PCA) revealed that onchocerciasis causes complex changes of the urine metabolome. Urine metabolites were measured by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS). volvulus, Loa loa, Mansonella perstans or a combination thereof. We performed a screening program of urine samples from individuals from Cameroon infected with O. N-acetyltyramine- O,β-glucuronide (NATOG) was suggested as a biomarker for onchocerciasis but its viability as diagnostic tool has been challenged. worm- or host-derived small RNAs, proteins or metabolites, are required for high-throughput screening. volvulus infections is based on counts of skin-borne microfilariae, but additional diagnostic tools, e.g. The tropical disease onchocerciasis (river blindness), caused by Onchocerca volvulus filarial nematodes, is targeted for elimination by mass treatment with nematocidal and antimicrobial drugs. ![]()
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